LEARNING OUTCOMES
Prepare electrical supplies, material and tools
LO1: identify electrical supplies, materials, and tools;
LO2: request appropriate supplies, materials, and tools for a specific job
LO3: receive and inspect electrical supplies, materials and tools.
LO1: identify electrical supplies, materials, and tools;
LO2: request appropriate supplies, materials, and tools for a specific job
LO3: receive and inspect electrical supplies, materials and tools.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Ampere - a unit of measure of electric current
Circuit - the path of electric current from the source to the components and goes back to the source
Kilowatt - a unit of power which is equivalent to 1000w
Conductor - a wire or a cord which provides path for current flow
Resistance - the quality of electric current measured in ohms that resist the flow of current
Hot wire - a wire through which current flows
Insulator – material used to cover electric wires which may be made from plastic, rubber, or asbestos.
Tools - are implements used to modify raw materials for human use
Corrugated plastic conduit (CPC) - commonly known as flexible non-metallic conduit or the “moldflex”
Metallic Conduits- metal raceways that was classified into four; rigid steel conduit (RSC), intermediate metallic conduit or tubing (IMC or IMT), electrical metallic conduit or tubing (EMC or EMT) and the flexible metallic conduit (FMC)
Non-metallic conduits- plastic conduits or raceways designed to be a channel of wire that are classified as; rigid non-metallic conduit or the PVC, the flexible nonmetallic or CPC, and the surface plastic molding
Connectors and Adapters - accessories that are used to connect from boxes to conduits or raceways to the other boxes in the electrical system
Circuit - the path of electric current from the source to the components and goes back to the source
Kilowatt - a unit of power which is equivalent to 1000w
Conductor - a wire or a cord which provides path for current flow
Resistance - the quality of electric current measured in ohms that resist the flow of current
Hot wire - a wire through which current flows
Insulator – material used to cover electric wires which may be made from plastic, rubber, or asbestos.
Tools - are implements used to modify raw materials for human use
Corrugated plastic conduit (CPC) - commonly known as flexible non-metallic conduit or the “moldflex”
Metallic Conduits- metal raceways that was classified into four; rigid steel conduit (RSC), intermediate metallic conduit or tubing (IMC or IMT), electrical metallic conduit or tubing (EMC or EMT) and the flexible metallic conduit (FMC)
Non-metallic conduits- plastic conduits or raceways designed to be a channel of wire that are classified as; rigid non-metallic conduit or the PVC, the flexible nonmetallic or CPC, and the surface plastic molding
Connectors and Adapters - accessories that are used to connect from boxes to conduits or raceways to the other boxes in the electrical system
LEARNING OUTCOME 1
Prepare electrical supplies, materials, and tools
Performance Standards
- Tools and materials are identified as per job requirement.
- Tools are classified according to its function as per job requirement.
- Materials are classified according to its uses on a specific project.
- Tools and materials are selected.
Materials/ Resources
1. Utility box 8. Electrical Wires 15. Switch Plates
2. Connectors 9. Corrugated Plastic Conduit (CPC) 16. Cut-out boxes
3. Male Plug 10. Receptacles
4. Fuse 11. Fuse Panel/ Safety switch
5. Junction Box 12. Square boxes
6. Conduits 13. PVC conduit
7. Circuit Breaker 14. Switches
Tools
1. Long Nose Pliers 9. Hacksaw
2. Stubby Screw Driver 10. Diagonal cutting pliers
3. Wire Stripper 11. Half-round file
4. Portable Electric Drill 12. Round file
5. Philips Screw Driver 13. Spirit level
6. Combination Pliers
7. Hammer
8. Electrician’s Knife
What Do You Already Know?
Let us determine how much you already know about preparing electrical supplies, materials and tools.
What Do You Need To Know?
Read the Information Sheet 1.1 very well then find out how much you can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check .
Information Sheet 1.1
Electrical Tools and Equipment Electrical task can be accomplished systematically to save time, effort, and resources. Most of the work cannot be done using bare hands. To do the task, electrical tools or equipment are needed to perform the job. This lesson will discuss the function/use of each tool or equipment used in electrical wiring installations.
The following are common electrical tools and equipment needed in the installation of electrical wiring.
Screw Drivers
These tools are made of steel hardened and tempered at the tip used to loosen or tighten screws with slotted heads. They come in various sizes and shapes.
HAMMERS
These are tools used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails. They are made of hard steel, wood, plastic or rubber. The following are types of hammer:
These are tools used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails. They are made of hard steel, wood, plastic or rubber. The following are types of hammer:
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Pliers
made from metal with insulators in the handle and are used for cutting, twisting, bending, holding, and gripping wires and cables.
made from metal with insulators in the handle and are used for cutting, twisting, bending, holding, and gripping wires and cables.
Electrical Supplies and Materials
Electrical materials are developed and constructed for a special purpose such as to:
1. control the flow of current in an electrical circuit;
2. carry electrical current from the source to the load or current consuming apparatus;
3. hold and secure wires to its fixtures inside and outside houses and buildings; and
4. protect the houses, buildings, appliances’ and instruments from any destruction and damage.
The following are the most commonly used electrical materials
1. control the flow of current in an electrical circuit;
2. carry electrical current from the source to the load or current consuming apparatus;
3. hold and secure wires to its fixtures inside and outside houses and buildings; and
4. protect the houses, buildings, appliances’ and instruments from any destruction and damage.
The following are the most commonly used electrical materials
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- Circuit Breaker - a protective device used to automatically blows and cuts the current when trouble in the circuit such as short circuit or overload occurs.
- Electrical Wire/Conductor- electrical material that could be:
b. Solid wire is made of a single strand of copper or aluminum wire. These are used in wiring installation inside and outside the buildings.
- Conduits/Pipes- electrical materials used as the passage of wires for protection and insulation. These could be rigid metallic, flexible metallic conduit (FMC), rigid nonmetallic (PVC), and flexible non-metallic or corrugated plastic conduit (CPC).
- Clamps- electrical materials used to hold and anchor electrical conduits in its proper position.
- Connectors- used to attach metallic or non-metallic conduit to the junction or utility boxes.
Common Wire Splices And Joints
Introduction
As a student in Electrical Installation and Maintenance you should acquire the important knowledge and skills in wire splices and joints and should be familiar with the actual application of every splice and joint. This will serve as your tool in performing actual wiring installation. Of course, another factor is the knowledge in interpreting and analyzing the wiring diagram especially if the circuit is complicated.
The following are the Common Electrical Wire Splices and Joints.
Introduction
As a student in Electrical Installation and Maintenance you should acquire the important knowledge and skills in wire splices and joints and should be familiar with the actual application of every splice and joint. This will serve as your tool in performing actual wiring installation. Of course, another factor is the knowledge in interpreting and analyzing the wiring diagram especially if the circuit is complicated.
The following are the Common Electrical Wire Splices and Joints.
Rat Tail or Pig Tail - kind of joint is commonly used to join two or more conductors inside the junction box. It is suitable for service where there is no mechanical stress when wires are to be connected in an outlet box, switch, or conduit fitting.
Knotted tap- This is used where the tap wire is under heavy tensile stress.
Plain tap joint - used where the tap wire is under considerable tensile stress circuit.
Aerial tap - is used as a temporary tap usually done in constructions sites. The easy twist will facilitate tap wire movement.
Duplex cross joint - a two-tap wire turned simultaneously and is used where the two tap wire is under heavy tensile stress.
Western Union Short-tie Splice. This is the most widely used splice or joint in interior wiring installation to extend the length of wire from one point to another.
Western Union Long Tie-This is used extensively for outside wiring to extend the length of wire from one end to another.
Cross joint- The same application is done as in plain tap and the only difference is that this tap is a combination of two plain taps place side by side with each other.
Wrapped Tap or Tee Joint- This is used on large solid conductors where it is difficult to wrap the heavy tap wire around the main wire.
Extension Cord
An extension cord is a span of flexible electrical power cable with a plug on one end and multiple sockets on the other end. It comes in several varieties to suit the needs of the user. One of the most important considerations is the power handling capacity to make it safe and functional. Electrical gadgets are product of modern technology to make our life better. The number of electrical gadgets available at home and in offices may exceed the existing convenience outlet installed in every room. The best remedy to address the insufficiency of available outlet is to use an extension cord especially if the electrical gadgets need to operate at the same time.
REMINDER
Be careful in buying an extension cord. You have to look for the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) markings. The Product Standard (PS) or Import Commodity Clearance (ICC) markings on it signify that the product passed the DTI standard for safety and quality.
SPLICING OF WIRES
Below are pictures of common wire splices and joints used in electrical wiring installations. Practice doing the task by following the steps given. Your performance will be judged using the rubric:
Steps in splicing a rat tail joint
1. Strip the wire insulator at the ends of the conductor to be joined at about 50 mm. Clean both wires to be joined.
2. Place the two ends of bare wire in crossed position.
3. Then, twist the bare conductors about five to seven times.
Steps in splicing western union long- tie joint
1. Strip the wire ends for about 75 mm.
2. Place the wires in crossed position about mid halfway from the insulation.
3. Make four to six long twists of wires.
4. Wrap each side of the wire for about four to five turns as shown in figure 4.
Steps in splicing aerial tap joint
1. Strip the tap wire end about 75 mm. and the main wire end about 25 mm.
2. Place the wires in crossed position intersecting about 5 mm from the insulation of the tap wire and the main wire.
3. Bend the tap wire over the main wire making a long twist.
4. Turn the tap wire around the main wire making four to five turns.